Alarming Details Regarding Ielts Liz General Writing Task 1 Essay Samples Unveiled

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Position Essay Topics About On College Education - What Are The Key Facts About This Topic?

Position Essay Topics About On College Education - What Are The Key Facts About This Topic?If you want to know more about position essay topics about on college education, then you are in the right place. In this article, you will learn about what position essay topics about on college education are and how they can be utilized for your college education. There are many topics that you can include in your resume, and one of them is definitely about on college education. While most people think that they cannot include this topic in their resume, they are completely wrong.In fact, the right reason to include this topic in your resume is that you will be able to prove that you have a lot of experience in the particular field that you are applying for. Also, you need to include some details about your positions in this field so that you will be able to impress your future employer. So, here are some important facts about position essay topics about on college education that you need to consider.First of all, if you want to know more about position essay topics about on college education, then you need to know the background information about college education. The first thing that you need to do is to find out the exact definition of a college education. Basically, college education is a term that refers to the education you receive during high school. You should remember that high school education is a very important part of your education because it prepares you for college education. However, there are schools that demand that you complete your high school education before you attend college.The second thing that you need to know about position essay topics about on college education is that you need to differentiate between different types of college education. Basically, there are two types of college education: general education and specialized education. Basically, general education is education that you get during high school; while specialized education i s the type of education that you receive after high school.The third thing that you need to know about position essay topics about on college education is that you need to know the different types of people who get a college education. The basic difference between general and specialized education is that general education includes the following types of education: speech and debate, mathematics, chemistry, biology, foreign language, philosophy, drama, physical education, music, physical science, social studies, English, and philosophy.Specialized education includes the following types of education: medical technology, computer science, physical education, art, science, economics, and foreign language. There are also a few colleges that accept only specialized education, such as nursing and dental schools.Now, the fourth thing that you need to know about position essay topics about on college education is that you need to figure out the career path that you would like to take. Actua lly, it depends on the kind of education that you would like to receive. As a matter of fact, some people who are very interested in applying for a job that requires specialized education might not like to do general education because they would rather apply for specialized education.If you want to learn more about position essay topics about on college education, then you need to do some research and make sure that you know all the details of the career path that you would like to pursue. Remember that a college education is not really easy, so you need to make sure that you choose the career path that will be a lot easier for you to pursue.

Caltech Essay Samples Online

Caltech Essay Samples OnlineWhen you are thinking about taking your Caltech essay samples to the next level, one of the easiest ways to do so is to use this resource. You will be able to see all of the topics that have been assigned to you in detail and at a much faster rate than you can find them in the bookstore.The greatest benefit to using this resource is that it allows you to see all of the topics that have been assigned to you in an easy to follow format. It will also provide you with examples and feedback for each topic, so that you know what the real writers are saying. Plus, once you see your assignments, you will have a good idea of how they compare to the book.You will also be able to learn how to keep up with the latest trends when it comes to Caltech essay samples. This means that you will be able to make the most of your assignments by seeing what is going on in the world of college writing. This is important for many reasons including the fact that it will keep you fo cused and working.When you are using this online resource, you will also see what type of sample assignment is being given to you. This is important because it will help you to choose which type of topic is right for you.This is especially important for those of you who are getting ready to go back to school. When you are writing your own essays, you need to make sure that you stay ahead of the curve. Otherwise, it will be too late to start your assignments and you may never get around to finishing them.Another great benefit of using Caltech essay samples is that you will be able to make use of many different types of information. This includes audio and video clips that are recorded from different instructors and professors. Some of these are from more than one class, so you will have a wealth of experience to draw from.Finally, you will also have access to a variety of different types of services that will make it easier for you to finish your assignments. For example, you will ge t feedback from tutors and even ask them questions about their lessons.

Scarface And Hamlet - 1434 Words

Scarface (1983) written by Oliver Stone and Hamlet (1599-1602) written by William Shakespeare share and explore the themes of what the inability to regulate emotions can cause in a person and their surrounding environments, even if they differ dramatically. Although Tony Montana’s and Hamlet’s desires and backgrounds serve as different purposes in their journeys, they both encounter and exhibit the use of deceiving behaviours, have trust issues with the woman they love and both question the point of their existence in the world. The protagonist’s major flaws end up in great tragedy as a result. Scarface opens with a prelude as a literary device to give a background on Tony Montana’s deportation from Cuba to the sunny coast of Miami,†¦show more content†¦Tony Montana and Hamlet connect on their lack of ability to control their emotions. Tony acts aggressively, trusting his gut instinct dealing with his problems head on. Hamlet struggles to make decisions and has a lack of assertiveness; his procrastination may be due to his religious beliefs, finding the right moment to revenge his father to kill Claudius so he isn’t sent to Heaven. Tony on the other hand does not seem to have any religion holding back his actions, he is clearly a more dominant figure than Hamlet, which is evident when Tony confronts Frank Lopez directly and murders him on the spot. Hamlet confronts Claudius’s guilt by putting on a play that recreates the murder of King Hamlet, rather than directly confronting Claudius. Tony also lacks intelligence due to no education, it plays a role in his expression of emotions, having a hard time explaining them and often uses slang or curse words. Hamlet understands and expresses his emotions thoroughly through the use of highly developed metaphors, such as in Act 3 Scene 1, during his â€Å"To be or not be† speech he uses a Sea of troubles to compare his sufferings with the endless sea, as the currents are a continuous movement from forces such as breaking waves and wind, these forces convey Hamlet’s conflicted and disturbed mindset. Masks of deception are used in advantage to shield Tony and Hamlet’s true intentions and behaviours. When Tony is beingShow MoreRelatedScarface And Hamlet1435 Words   |  6 PagesOliver Stone’s Scarface and William Shakespeare’s Hamlet are thematically linked in characterisation. The inability to control emotions are both apparent with Tony Montana and Hamlet. They have a tendency to get mad, especially when Tony and Hamlet catch the women they believed to be pure betraying their trust. Often, they will both exhibit the use of deceiving behaviours to fool others around them to try and cover more profound intentions. Although Tony Montana’s and Hamlet’s desires differ inRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare: Still Influencing People Today Essay1526 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare was an English man with an unmatched way of approaching poetry, theater and playwriting. William Shakespeare has an outstanding reign of playwrights including some highl y famous ones such as Romeo and Juliet(), The Tempest() and Hamlet(). He has influenced many walks of life and has set the stepping stone for other forms of entertainment. William Shakespeare has remained famous throughout his life and up to today because his poetic words have always been able to relate to peopleRead MoreTragic Hero1598 Words   |  7 PagesVader) of the Star Wars series †¢ Cloud Strife from Final Fantasy VII †¢ Creon from Antigone by Sophocles †¢ Eddie, from Arthur Miller s A View from the Bridge †¢ Ethan Frome from Edith Wharton s Ethan Frome †¢ Hamlet from Shakespeare s Hamlet †¢ Jack Bauer from the television series 24 †¢ James Gatz (Jay Gatsby) from The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald †¢ JC Denton from the PC game Deus Ex †¢ John-117 from the Halo video games †¢ Michael Corleone, fromRead MoreAnalysis Of Film Production Of The Merchant Of Venice1249 Words   |  5 Pagesas he prepares for his death in the court. Perhaps the best casting, Al Pacino plays an excellent Shylock that initially invokes the movie watcher’s empathy then turns quickly into an enraged, psychopathic persona reminiscent to his characters in Scarface or Godfather. Particularly, Pacino shows off his talent in the famous ‘Hath not a Jew eyes’ monologue where Pacino takes us through a full emotional range of compassion, sympathy, to scorching rage. Similarly, Radford uses this scene to show offRead MoreGoal Movie Review10720 Words   |  43 PagesLughnasa,† Edmund Tyrone in â€Å"Long Day’s Journey Into Night,† and Prior Walter in â€Å"Angels In America,† followed by â€Å"Hush† written by April D’Angelis at the Royal Court. He won the Richard Burton Shakespeare Globe Award in 1995 for the title rol e in â€Å"Hamlet† at the Gielgud Theatre directed by Peter Hall. He played Clov in â€Å"Endgame† at the Donmar Warehouse directed by Katie Mitchell, Artie in â€Å"Hurlyburly† at the Old Vic, and the title role of â€Å"Uncle Vanya† for the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Young

Antigone Tragism Essay Example For Students

Antigone Tragism Essay Antigone, which was written by Sophocles, is possibly the first written playthat still exists today (www.imagi 1). There is much controversy between whothe ?tragic hero is in the play. Some people say Antigone, some say Creon,others even say Heamon. I believe Creon displays all of the characteristics of a?tragic hero. He receives compassion through the audience, yet recognizeshis weaknesses, and his downfalls from his own self-pride, stubbornness, andcontrolling demands. He is the true protagonist. Though the audience notices howvillainous Creon is, they still express sympathy towards him. They realize thathe has brought all of his problems on himself and should have been moreopen-minded, but think no one should have to go through what he has. Theyunderstand how the warrior king Creon felt when he notices his son is lovestruck. The audience also expresses pity towards him because Antigone is amurderer and understands why he is upset. Creons noble quality is his caringfor Antigone and Ismene when their father was persecuted. Creon is a veryauthoritative person and demands control of others. When talking to the Chorus,Creon does not ask them to agree with the decree but demands that they followit. Creon expects loyalty from others. It is apparent that Creon is verydominating and wants to be in control. The man the city sets up in authoritymust be obeyed in small things and in just but also in theiropposites(717-719). Through this quote the reader realizes that Creon wantsobedience in everything he decides even if he is at fault. There is nothingworse than disobedience to authority (723-724). Further supporting Creonsbelief that everyone shall remain faithful to him even if he rules unfairly. This is proved true when Creon says, Should the city tell me how I am to rulethem? (790). Creon has forgotten that the ruler is supposed to do what isbest for the city and its citizens. Creon is under the impression that he isalways correct in his judgments and his beliefs. Before the sentry even explainsthe event that has occurred, the sentry states that he is only a messenger andhas not committed the crime. Yet Creon still accuses the sentry of receivingmoney to do the crime and threatens to punish him. That will teach you in thedays to come from what you may draw profit , ill-gotten gains ruin morethan they save (342-346). Consequently, the Chorus suggests that the Gods mayhave committed the act. Creon stops this nonsense conversation immediatelyand remarks that Zeus and the Gods would not honor criminals. Creon seems tobelieve he knows everything and stubbornly refuses to listen to others. He doesnot even believe Haemon his son. Haemon informs his father of the reputation hehas c reated for himself. Creon thinks, It seems this boy (Haemon) is on thewomans side (Antigone) (798). Creon refuses to believe what Haemon saysand gets into an argument with him for siding with Antigone. Creon presumes thathe is the one and only perfect ruler for Thebes. He believes that he can createa better city with his presence: I would not be silent if I saw ruin . Iwould not count any enemy of my country as a friend ,(202-206). Creonfurther continues by stating I will make her greater still (210). In thisquote Creon declares that he will improve the city (she) by his rulings. Creondescribes how his qualities make him a good ruler. Furthermore, Creon viewshimself as a good leader because he believes he has the best attributes and noone can compare to him. He feels he has no time for ordinary people because heis of higher standards. When Creon says I will not comfort you with hope thatthe sentence will not be accomplished (982-983), this shows his absolute lackof compassion when h e is talking with Antigone. King Creon noticed that he had aweakness in which he tries to correct but is too late. His weakness is impulsivewith his decision-making. He never really sits down and thinks about things;instead he just says what comes to mind. Creon says you will never marry herwhile she lives(807), right after his first discussion about Antigone. Creonsummarizes his plans for Antigone, which comes to his mind after talking withHaemon (833-841). These two decisions decided the lives of two young people, butthe impulsive Creon never thought about that. Creons stubbornness bringsabout his own downfall when he chooses not to believe Teiresias, the blindprophet. Instead, Creon falsely accuses Teiresias of making profit fromsilver-gold (1088). Insulted by the false remark of trying to make money,Teiresias tells Creon of his dangerous future ahead of him. Creon tries tocorrect his impulsiveness with, I will go, just as I am. Come, servants, allof you; take axes in your hands; away with you to place you see, there. For mypart, since my intention is so changed, as I bound her myself, myself will freeher(1175-1180). These lines show how he changed his impulsive decision, butunfortunately was too late. He is forced to live, knowing that three people aredead because of his ignorance. Self-pride is the tragic flaw that Creon faces inthis story. Creon is stubborn and does not want to compromise. Due to hisoverwhelming power of pride, he makes destruction fall upon him. His downfallcomes from attempting to be just and right by enforcing the law. Since he actedthe way he thought was right, he ultimately suffered a tragedy. Creon displaysthe image of a ?tragic hero on account of the errors he has made. Accordingto Aristotle, quoted in McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama, Creon fits theimage of a ?tragic hero A man who is not eminently good and just, yetwhose misfortune is brought about not by purpose, but by some error or frailty. .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 , .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .postImageUrl , .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 , .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030:hover , .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030:visited , .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030:active { border:0!important; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030:active , .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030 .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u799e1ed980b4fbcce1a4f75756aea030:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: True Romance (663 words) EssayHe must be one who is highly renowned and prosperous (Hochman v4 1274). Creons tragic flaw causes the deaths of both his wife and son. This isbecause he shows so much ignorance in every decision he makes. Even if hisdecisions are wrong he will not correct them, because he is the king, and theking is never wrong. By Creons self-pride deciding to never let his son marryAntigone, ends up killing his son also. In closing Creon is not entirely good,he does make mistakes, however the mistakes he made are simply and error ofjudgment, and completely understandable. His greatest error was that he trulybelieved that Polynices was a traitor, which consequently forced him to issue adecree, forbidding Polynices a proper burial. Polynices sought to taste theblood he shared with us, and lead the rest of us to slavery; shall no onehonor with a grave and none shall mourn(220-224). Creon loses all that helives for I do not know where to turn my eyes to look to, for support. Everything in my hands is crossed. A most unwelcome fate has leaped upon me(1405-1408). After the death of his wife he acknowledges his great mistakes inbeing prideful and realizes how his pride has caused suffering. Lead me away,a vain silly man who killed you, son, and you, too, lady(1402-1403). Heblunders and pays drastically for his frailty, but in the end he realizes whathe has done wrong accepting the guilt and responsibilities for his actions. Asthe editor in chief Stanley Hochman stated in McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of WorldDrama a ?tragic hero learns, although too late, from their experiences,as when Creon cries in the end of the play: Yes, I have learned it to mybitterness. At this moment God has sprung on my head with a vast weight andstruck me down. He shook me in my savage ways; he has overturned my joy, hastrampled it, underfoot. The pains men suffer are pains indeed (1337-1342). Tobe a good leader you must have the rock solid principals to fall back on intimes of stress. Creon lost grasp of these, and that contributed to his failureas a leader. By tragically losing all, one is forced to feel sympathy towardhim, by doing what he always thought was right, and what he thought wouldfurther protect his kingdom, he is regarded as a hero. These elements combinehis stubbornness, controlling demands, and self-pride made Creon a true ancientGreek tragic hero.

My Assembly Reflection Paper free essay sample

I am glad I spoke at the assembly. At first when I had Michael Pritchard (well- known speaker about bullying) was coming I thought, well it just another speaker (who’s) that’s here to tell us about bullying, something I don’t even do. But when I heard him speak I was moved by his speech. I could not believe that he had the courage to tell us students of the WRHS what we have done wrong. That when it hit me when Mr. Pritchard was calling people down I thought I should tell my story. After my friend John spoke I raised my hand and Mr. Pritchard picked me. I was shaking when I got up there. I said my name then I told my story of how I lost my mother when I was five and how I had a hard time making friends in school and how I was always alone . We will write a custom essay sample on My Assembly Reflection Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I just plainly told people that I sick and tired of being the butt of their jokes. After my speech I got a hug from friend and Michael Pritchard. I feel now I have good respect from people in school . And most of it comes from my dad and my step mom. I also fell since the speech I have more respect from people. Well before I end I would like to thank my dad, step mom Patti , my Grammy and my auntie Kate for there love and support through this . I would also like to thank a few people from school Doctor Mark Dotter for being a really great councilor. Erin the guidance secretary for being a person I can talk to when I just need someone to talk to in school And last but not least, Mr. Mower for cheering me up when I am down and just being a great mentor I can just come and talk to.

Application of ethical theory to a case study vignette

Application of ethical theory to a case study vignette Critics argue that the principles of business ethics are only theoretical since they are conceived within scholarly boundaries and thus not applicable to real life business. Regardless of this, there are numerous ethical theories which describe the process of ethical decision making. These include the social contact theory, the stakeholder theory, Kantian ethics, among others.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Application of ethical theory to a case study vignette specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These theories have different assertions, all of them relevant to modern business ethics. To illustrate their usefulness in the development of modern business ethics, two of these theories are analyzed against the James Company vs. town council scenario. The concept of business ethics varies from one society to another. While an aspect maybe considered as unethical in a given society, the same might be ethically acceptabl e in a different society. Regardless of this, Ostas (2007) argues that the motivation for violating business ethics is multifaceted, more so by pecuniary self interest, which is further complicated by conflict of interest. There are numerous factors which need to be considered in determining whether a situation portends conflict of interest. These include the nature of affiliations between parties in a business contract, employment issues as well as legal and social obligations by firms towards the local community and business partners. Ostas’ (2007) arguments illuminate a number of key issues relevant to this case study. To begin with, the nature of affiliations between James’ Company and the town council portends conflict of interest. James’ Company had previously won tenders fairly. However, the fact that a third of employees in James’ Company come from the town pose crucial questions on the reason why the town council overpaid the Company in the lates t tender. Since this is a fixed price contract, extra payments portends breach of contract agreement, and is likely to be perceived as kickbacks or rewards to James’ Company for providing employment to members of the town’s community. This argument lends itself to the fact that there are three major stakeholders in this case: James’ Company, the town council and the company employees.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These stakeholders are likely to benefit from such unethical practices. Additionally, the dilemma is compounded by the fact that the town council, which is the client, adamantly maintains that the extra unauthorized payments are correct. There are a number of business ethics theories which can be used to analyze this case. Since this case study involves conflict of interest regarding major stakeholders, the stakeholder theory o f business ethics seems relevant. According to the stakeholder theory, business managers have the obligation to manage resources only for the purposes for which they are intended. This implies that there exist fiduciary relationships between major stakeholders, which must be maintained without violating business ethics. The social contract theory is a set of ethical sub theories, which recognizes that business ethics are governed by social contract between a recognized business and the society served by the firm. As such, firms should serve both their interests as well as those of the community without violating normative ethics (Hasnas 1998). In addition to these, while Kantian school of thought is one of the most complicated ethical theories, it postulates that business practices can only be moral if they are motivated by duty as well as goodwill. Additionally, Kantian ethics are based on universally acceptable maxims (Bowie 1999a). All these theories provide plausible bases to an alyze this case. However, the stakeholder theory as well as Kantian ethics override others due their close relationship with issues relevant to this case. The case of James’ Company and the town council revolves around the relationship between major stakeholders and how resources are managed. This relationship portends conflict of interest since all stakeholders are seen as benefiting from unethical business transactions. Using the stakeholder theory, it is evident that the town council violated normative business ethics by paying the contractor over the amount stipulated in the contract.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Application of ethical theory to a case study vignette specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the stakeholder theory, business managers are the principle custodians of capital extended by stakeholders. As such, managers are obliged to ensure that money is only spent for the purpose s stipulated in a business agreement (Hasnas 1998). Hasnas’ (1998) argument should be considered against the requirements American business contract law which criminalizes making payments especially in cases that portend conflict of interest. The extra $ 10000 seems a reward to the company for employing the towns’ people, and thus illegal. Based on this argument, the town council management breached the contact terms by paying more than the amount agreed in the contract. The stakeholder theory further asserts that stakeholders extend capital to business managers and as such, managers are obliged to cater for the wishes of stakeholders (Hasnas 1998). Since the town council is a major stakeholder, its wish is to use any means to protect jobs for the local population. In this case, the extra $ 10000 seemed to have been paid to maintain trust between the three major stakeholders, but is not part of the business contract. But as Hasnas (1998) asserts, the use of capital for any purpose contrary to contract agreement, despite it being for the best interest of stakeholders becomes unethical. Furthermore, the stakeholder theory postulates that managers are obliged to use business capital for the interest of all stakeholders. In this context the term stakeholders refers to any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the corporation (Hasnas 1998). Thus, the local community, James’ Company, the company employees and the town council become major stakeholders. It is logical to argue that the source of council capital is taxation and rates imposed on the local community. Thus, making such unauthorized payments amounts to misuse of public funds, and is not for the best interest of the public. While the stakeholder theory seems to focus on fiduciary relationship between stakeholders, Kantian ethics focus on categorical imperativism. In this case, an individual must have the will and is duty bound to act on maxims that are universally accepta ble. Therefore, only those actions motivated by universally acceptable maxims are morally permissible (Bowie 1999b).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As indicated earlier, an act portends conflict of interest depending on the nature of affiliations, legal and social obligations as well as issues of employment, which seems to underlie The James’ Company town council scenario; the town council made extra $ 10000 payments to James’ Company, arguably based on profits that would be accrued by all stakeholders. Following Kantian ethics, making extra payments follows the maxim that it is morally permissible for a client to make extra payments to sustain fiduciary business relationships. Thus, the council management ought to ask itself whether making unauthorized payments to a contractor to sustain fiduciary relationships follows a universally acceptable maxim. Kant further argues that people have free will and thus have the ability of follow the law based on reasonable virtues rather than self interest. As such, Kant requires business managers to treat other stakeholders as ends, rather than means to an end. Following this argument, it is evident that the management at the town council treated James as a means to a greater end. Additionally, Kant argues that a business enterprise is part of the moral community. Like the stakeholder theory, Kantian ethics proposes that for moral reasons, all the genuine interest of all stakeholders must be upheld if a business practice is to be considered moral (Bowie 1999b). Making extra payments amounts to breaching the initial contract agreement. This led to misappropriation of public funds. Thus, the town council failed to uphold the interests of one of the stakeholder, the taxpayer. Using the stakeholder theory and Kantian ethics, it is evident that the management at the town council violated normative business ethics. In addition, James seems to have noted the anomaly arising from extra payment and alerted the town council, which remained adamant that the correct payment was made. The fact that the previous contract had lost James’ Company an equivalent v alue to the extra payments made, puts James in a moral dilemma. Choosing to accept the payments compensates the company against previous losses and thus increases company profits. However, according to the stakeholder theory managers do not have the moral obligation to increase company’s profits at the expense of the interest of other stakeholders. This implies that there are ethical constraints which require managers to only increase profitability through honest dealings (Hasnas 1998). Therefore, there are ethical constraints that do not allow James to accept the extra payments. In addition, Kant argues that businesses are moral communities, with stakeholders having a moral duty towards each other (Bowie 1999b). Based on this, James has a moral obligation to maintain honest dealings with other stakeholders and as such cannot accept dishonest payments. Furthermore, Kant’s categorical imperativism asserts that where there are principles that cannot be universalized, it is immoral for businesses to make exceptions for themselves (Bowie 1999b). Thus James cannot make exemptions for his business by accepting illegal payments. According to Duska (2007) parties within a business contract are bound by the contract agreement. As such, any decision that contravenes the contract is unethical. In view of Duska’s (2007), Bowie’s (1999b) and Hasnas’ (1998) assertions, James is bound by the contract agreement which is worth $ 50000. Therefore it amounts to breach of contract if he accepts extra $10000. To abide by the contract agreement, James ought to accept $ 50000 but return the extra $10000 to the client. Additionally, contractors have the right to investigate contract breaches (Summerford 2001). Thus, James should conduct further investigation to reveal the extent of the fraud to determine whether legal action is necessary. Modern business management is complicated, especially with regards to business ethics. This is compounded by the fact that societies have different ways through which ethics are perceived. In this regards, ethicists have developed numerous ethical theories, which form the basis of modern business ethics. These theories have varied assertions, but as evidenced in James’ company vs. town council case study, a business practice is only ethical if it follows laid down agreements. Thus, business managers have an obligation of adhering to established rules since most of the business failures emanate from unethical business practices. When adherence is consistent it sets precedence for successful businesses ventures. Reference List Bowie, N., 1999a. Business ethics: a Kantian perspective. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. Bowie, N., 1999b. Business ethics and normative theories. [online]. Duska, R., 2007. Contemporary reflections on business ethics. Boston: Springer. Hasnas, J., 1998. The normative theories of business ethics: a guide for the perplexed. Business Ethics Quarterly [online]. Ostas, D., 2007. When Fraud Pays: Executive Self-Dealing and the Failure of Self- Restraint. American Business Law Journal [online]. Summerford, R., 2001. Reserving the right to audit the suspicious vendor [online].